京津冀协同发展指数报告.2017

摘要：本报告在前期研究的基础上，继续运用基于创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的新发展理念构建的京津冀协同发展指数评价指标体系跟踪评价京津冀协同发展的阶段效果。测算结果表明，2016年京津冀协同发展指数延续上升趋势，这种趋势客观反映了京津冀协同发展取得了显著的阶段成效。从京津冀创新发展、协调发展、绿色发展、开放发展和共享发展五个协同指数变化趋势看，共享发展、绿色发展和协调发展这三个协同指数上升相对明显，创新发展协同指数出现了积极的变化，而开放发展协同指数略有下降。在创新发展协同指数中，创新投入、创新协作和创新优化三个方面共同推动了京津冀创新发展协同指数的上升，而创新效率和大众创业作用较小。在协调发展协同指数中，城乡差距、地区分工和产出强度三个方面成为促进京津冀协同发展协同指数升高的主要因素，而地区差距和城市规模较上年出现了微弱的恶化趋势。在绿色发展协同指数中，能源消耗、碳排放、大气治理、资源利用和生态建设等方面都取得明显的效果，其中大气治理和生态建设方面进步更加明显。在开放发展协同指数中，市场一体化和交通一体化对京津冀开放发展协同指数推动作用较大；同时，受宏观经济形势的影响，区域贸易流作用不明显，贸易开放和资本开放都呈现出下滑的趋势。在共享发展协同指数中，教育公平是推动京津冀共享发展协同指数上升的主要力量，收入差距进一步缩小，就业机会持续提高，精准扶贫继续取得明显进展，这些因素也成为促进共享发展协同指数上升的重要力量，但公共服务差距较上年略有扩大。从京津冀三地发展指数的横向比较看，北京综合发展指数最高，天津次之，河北最低。但跟上年的表现不同的是，2016年北京和河北综合发展指数继续保持上升的趋势，而天津则较上年下降了约1个百分点。在创新发展指数方面，京津冀三地创新发展指数都出现缓慢增长情况，地区间差距逐步缩小，天津创新发展指数继续领跑。在协调发展指数方面，与上年相比，河北各地市的协调发展程度改善最为明显，增长了5.9个百分点。在绿色发展指数方面，京津冀三地绿色发展指数均呈上升态势，北京的绿色发展指数较上年增长最快，增长了5个百分点。在开放发展指数方面，北京的开放发展指数下降较快，较上年下降了约9个百分点。河北的开放发展指数较上年出现了增长现象，但开放程度一直处于低位。在共享发展指数方面，京津冀三地共享发展取得了良好的效果，尤其是北京的共享发展指数增长最快，较上年增长了11.8个百分点。为了推进京津冀协同发展战略，2017年4月1日中共中央国务院决定设立河北雄安新区。本报告根据中央对雄安新区的定位和要求选择若干重大问题进行深入专题研究。报告认为，雄安新区发展要协调处理好“两个速度”的关系，也要防范“四个方面”的倾向。今后，雄安新区要加快打造世界级“新经济”新区，建设绿色智慧新城。针对京津冀协同发展存在的问题，本报告建议采取如下措施加以应对：一是建立产业链分工协作机制，推动区域产业协同发展。二是推动京津优质服务资源对外辐射，促进公共服务区域均等化。三是引入多元化的治理机制，改善区域生态环境质量。四是引导区域创新要素有序流动，促进科技成果转移转化。五是创办雄安世界创新发展博览会，建设京津冀对外开放新高地。关键词：京津冀协同发展；雄安新区；五大发展理念；协同发展指数；地区发展指数Abstract: In order to keep track of the stage effect ofBeijing-Tianjin-Hebei Integrated Development,the book continues to use the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Integrated Development index system based on innovative,coordinated,green,open and sharing development concepts.The results show that the index continued to rise in 2016,which objectively reflects the significant progress achieved in the integrated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.Among the five Integrated Development Indexes,the sharing development index,the green development index and the coordination development index rise obviously,the innovation index shows positive change,while the opening up index declines slightly.Innovation input,innovation collaboration and innovation optimization have jointly promoted the growth of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei innovation development index,while the innovation efficiency and mass entrepreneurship have little effect.The urban-rural gaps,regional division of industry and production strength are the main factors promoting the coordination development index increases,and regional disparities and the deterioration of urban size appears weak trend than 2015.In the green development integrated index,energy consumption,carbon emission,air treatment,resource utilization and ecological con struction have all achieved obvious achievements,among which the improvement of atmospheric governance and ecological construction are more obvious.The integration of the market and the integration of transportation have great effect on the cooperation development integrated index.At the same time,affected by the macroeconomic situation,regional trade flows are not obvious,and both trade liberalization and capital opening have shown a downward trend.Education fair is main force promoting the coordination development integrated index increment; at the same time,the income gap narrows,jobs continues to improve,precise poverty alleviation continue to make obvious progress,these factors are an important force too; but the public service gap year-on-year slightly enlarges.From the horizontal comparison of development indexes of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,Beijing has the highest comprehensive development index,followed by Tianjin and the lowest in Hebei.Beijing's and Hebei's indexes continued to rise in 2016,while Tianjin fell by about 1 percentage point from the previous year.The index of innovation development in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei has been growing slowly,and the regional gap has gradually narrowed,but the Tianjin's index continues to lead the way.In terms of the co ordination development index,the growth of Hebei is the most obvious,with a 5.9 percentage point increase compared with the previous year.The green development index of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei all shows upward trends and the index in Beijing climbs the fastest over the previous year,increasing by five percentage points.The index of opening up development in Beijing declines rapidly,down about 9 percentage points from the previous year.The index of opening up development in Hebei has increased over the previous year,but has remained low.In terms of the Sharing development index,the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region has achieved good results,especially in Beijing,with an increase of 11.8 percentage points over the previous year.In order to promote the strategy of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Integrated Development,the central committee of the Communist Party of China（CPC）decided to set up a new district of Hebei province on April 1,2017.The present report carries out in-depth thematic studies based on the positioning of Xiong'an New Area.According to the report,the development of Xiongan New Area should coordinate the relationship between“two speed”and avoid the tendency of“four aspects”.In the future,Xiong'an New Area will be posited in a world-class“new economy”and a green smart new city.In view of the problems existing in the integrated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,the present report recommends the following measures.First,we should establish a cooperation mechanism for industrial chain division of labor and promote the integrated development of regional industries.Second,we should promote the external radiation of Beijing and Tianjin quality service resources and promote equalization of public service.Third,we should introduce a diversified governance mechanism to improve the quality of regional ecological environment.Fourth,we should guide the orderly flow of regional innovation elements and promote the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements.Fifth,we should set up the world expo for innovation and development,improving the quality of opening up of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.Keywords: Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Integrated Development,Xiong'an New Area,Five New Development Concepts,Integrated development index system,Regional development index

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